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Emission Test Cycles

Japanese 13 Mode

The 13-mode cycle replaced the older 6-mode cycle for the testing of heavy duty engines in Japan. It was used until 2005, when it was replaced by the current JE05 test.

The 13 Mode test includes a sequence of 13 steady-state modes. The emissions are averaged over the cycle using a set of weighting factors and are expressed in g/kWh. The test emphasizes low-speed driving conditions, is characterized by low average engine loads and low exhaust temperatures.

There are differences in some test modes for diesel and gasoline/LPG engines and the weighting factors are different. The test parameters for the diesel cycle are listed in Table 1, and for the gasoline cycle in Table 2.

Table 1
Diesel 13 Mode Cycle
Mode Speed Load Weighting factor
  % of nominal %  
1 idle - 0.410/2
2 40 20 0.037
3 40 40 0.027
4 idle - 0.410/2
5 60 20 0.029
6 60 40 0.064
7 80 40 0.041
8 80 60 0.032
9 60 60 0.077
10 60 80 0.055
11 60 95 0.049
12 80 80 0.037
13 60 5 0.142
Table 2
Gasoline/LPG 13 Mode Cycle
Mode Speed Load Weighting factor
  % of nominal %  
1 idle - 0.314/2
2 40 40 0.036
3 40 60 0.039
4 idle - 0.314/2
5 60 20 0.088
6 60 40 0.117
7 80 40 0.058
8 80 60 0.028
9 60 60 0.066
10 60 80 0.034
11 60 95 0.028
12 40 20 0.096
13 40* 20* 0.096
* - deceleration to idle