This section provides information on worldwide engine and vehicle dynamometer test cycles used for emission and fuel economy measurement. Cycles currently referenced are listed below. This database is continuously expanded. If the cycle you are looking for is not listed, send us your feedback; there is always a chance we find the information you need.
The test cycle links will take you to pages with more detailed descriptions and (usually) graphs. The data files links (subscription required) include speed/torque-time points for a number of cycles. These documents are in tab-delimited text format for easy importing into any spreadsheet program.
International
- World Harmonized Stationary Cycle (WHSC)
- A steady-state engine dynamometer cycle for heavy-duty engines, to be used for future engine emission certification/type approvals worldwide.
- World Harmonized Transient Cycle (WHTC)
- A transient engine dynamometer cycle for heavy-duty engines, to be used for future engine emission certification/type approvals worldwide.
- Nonroad Transient Cycle (NRTC)
- A transient engine dynamometer cycle for mobile nonroad engines, to be used for engine emission certification/type approval in the USA and in European Union.
- ISO 8178
- Test cycle composed of several steady-state test modes. Used for selected non-road engine applications in Europe, USA, and Japan.
United States
Light-Duty Vehicles
- FTP 72
- A transient test cycle for cars and light duty trucks performed on a chassis dynamometer. Simulates a urban route with frequent stops.
- FTP 75
- A transient test cycle for cars and light duty trucks derived from the FTP-72. Used for emission certification testing of cars and light duty trucks in the USA.
- SFTP US06
- A supplemental FTP procedure to simulate aggressive highway driving.
- SFTP SC03
- A supplemental FTP procedure to simulate emissions associated with the use of air conditioning units.
- New York City Cycle
- EPA NYCC schedule simulating low speed city driving.
- Highway Fuel Economy (HWFET)
- EPA dynamometer driving schedule for fuel economy determination.
- California Unified Cycle (UC, LA92)
- California UC dynamometer driving schedule.
- IM240
- Inspection & Maintenance driving cycle used for emission measurements from in-use vehicles.
- Standard Road Cycle (SRC) and Standard Bench Cycle (SBC)
- Dynamometer and engine bench tests for emission durability determination.
Heavy-Duty Engines (Engine Dynamometer)
- FTP Transient
- A transient engine dynamometer cycle for heavy-duty truck and bus engines. Includes segments designed to simulate both urban and freeway driving. Used for emission certification testing of heavy-duty diesel engines in the USA.
- Supplemental Emissions Test (SET)
- Supplementary steady-state test used for emission certification of heavy-duty diesel engines in the USA.
- NTE (Not-To-Exceed) Testing
- Additional US EPA testing requirements for emission certification of heavy-duty diesel engines.
- AVL 8-Mode Heavy-Duty Cycle
- A steady-state test designed by AVL to produce emission results closely correlating with those measured over the US FTP Transient test.
- CSVL
- Constant-Speed, Variable-Load (CSVL) transient test cycle developed by the EPA for constant-speed engines, but never adopted in emission regulations.
- CTA
- Chicago Transit Authority engine cycle.
Heavy-Duty Vehicles (Chassis Dynamometer)
- Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS)
- EPA transient chassis dynamometer test cycle for heavy-duty vehicles.
- Central Business District (CBD)
- Transient chassis dynamometer test cycle for heavy-duty vehicles.
- Business Arterial Commuter (BAC)
- A composite heavy-duty vehicle’s fuel economy cycle, also known as the Transit Coach Operating Duty Cycle.
- City Suburban Cycle & Route (CSC)
- Chassis dynamometer test cycle for heavy-duty vehicles.
- New York Composite
- Transient chassis dynamometer test cycle for heavy-duty vehicles.
- New York Bus (NYBus)
- Transient chassis dynamometer test cycle for urban transit buses.
- Manhattan Bus Cycle
- Transient chassis dynamometer test cycle for urban transit buses.
- Heavy Heavy-Duty Diesel Truck (HHDDT)
- Four-mode chassis dynamometer test developed by the California Air Resources Board.
- Orange County Bus Cycle
- Chassis dynamometer test cycle for transit buses developed by the West Virginia University.
- WVU 5-Peak
- 5-speed chassis dynamometer test cycle for heavy-duty trucks developed by the West Virginia University.
European Union
- ECE+EUDC / NEDC
- A combined chassis dynamometer test used for emission testing and certification in Europe. It is composed of four ECE Urban Driving Cycles, simulating city driving, and one Extra Urban Driving Cycle (EUDC), simulating highway driving conditions. The cold-start version of the test, introduced in 2000, is also referred to as the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC).
Speed points: ECE | EUDC | EUDC low power
- ECE R49
- Steady state cycle for heavy duty truck engines. Consists of a sequence of 13 engine dynamometer test modes. Used for heavy-duty engine emission certification before the year 2000.
- ESC (OICA)
- New steady-state cycle for truck and bus engines. Effective year 2000 the ESC test is used for emission certification of heavy-duty diesel engines.
- ELR
- Effective year 2000, the ELR test is used for smoke opacity determination during emission certification of heavy-duty diesel engines.
- ETC (FIGE Transient)
- New transient cycle for truck and bus engines. It is used, together with the ESC, for heavy duty engine emission certification.
- Braunschweig Cycle
- Transient chassis dynamometer test cycle simulating a urban bus route.
Japan
Light-Duty Vehicles
- 10-Mode Cycle
- Urban driving cycle used for emission testing from light-duty vehicles, later replaced by the 10-15 mode cycle.
- 10-15 Mode Cycle
- Urban driving cycle for emission certification and fuel economy determination of light-duty vehicles.
- JC08 Cycle
- New urban driving cycle for emission and fuel economy measurements of light-duty vehicles, which will fully replace the 10-15 mode cycle by 2011.
- 6-Mode Cycle
- Two 6-mode cycles were used in Japan for heavy-duty vehicles weighting more than 2.5 t or transporting more than ten passengers: one cycle for diesel vehicles and one cycle for gasoline/LPG vehicles. Total emissions were expressed in ppm as a weighted average from the 6 test modes.
- 13-Mode Cycle
- A newer cycle for heavy-duty vehicles that replaced the 6-mode cycles. The cycle included 13 stabilized engine modes. There were two versions of the test—one for diesel and one for gasoline and LPG engines—which showed some differences in the test modes and had different weighting factors. Emissions were expressed in g/kWh.
- JE05 Cycle
- New transient driving cycle for emission testing from heavy-duty diesel and gasoline vehicles which replaced the 13-mode cycle.